Promoting Resilient Supply Chains Act of 2025
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Would require the Department of Commerce's Industry and Analysis office to establish a working group, map vulnerabilities in critical supply chains, and develop a national strategy to improve supply chain resilience — particularly for emerging technologies such as semiconductors, AI, and quantum computing.
The bill targets dependence on adversarial nations for critical goods and would direct Commerce to coordinate across more than a dozen federal agencies, consult industry and academia, and report annually to Congress — though it authorizes no new funding to do so.
What this bill would do
What it would do
The bill would assign the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Analysis broad new responsibilities to monitor, assess, and strengthen critical supply chains and emerging technologies. Within 120 days of enactment, the Assistant Secretary would establish the Supply Chain Resilience Working Group, composed of representatives from more than ten federal agencies. Within one year, the office would be required to assess and map critical supply chains, identify high-priority gaps and vulnerabilities, evaluate the impact of supply chain disruptions on market stability, and develop contingency plans. Within 18 months, and annually thereafter, the office would submit a strategy report to Congress with specific recommendations.
The bill would not authorize additional appropriations — all activities must be carried out within existing resources. It would also protect voluntarily shared supply chain information from public disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act, and would sunset all requirements after ten years. Private entities are explicitly not required to share data with or follow recommendations from the Secretary.
Key provisions
- 1Would assign the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Analysis new responsibilities to promote resilient critical supply chains, respond to supply chain shocks, and encourage domestic manufacturing of emerging technologies.
- 2Would require establishing the Supply Chain Resilience Working Group within 120 days, composed of representatives from over ten federal agencies, to assess and map critical supply chains.
- 3Would require the Assistant Secretary, within one year, to assess and model critical supply chains, identify gaps and vulnerabilities, evaluate market stability impacts, and develop contingency plans.
- 4Would require the Assistant Secretary to designate critical industries, supply chains, and critical goods within 120 days, with public comment, and update those designations at least every four years.
- 5Would require an annual national strategy report to Congress — beginning 18 months after enactment — identifying threats, assessing domestic manufacturing capacity, and recommending actions to improve supply chain security.
- 6Would protect voluntarily submitted critical supply chain information from FOIA disclosure and bar its use in civil litigation without the submitter's consent.
- 7Would require the Secretary of Commerce to assess internal capabilities related to supply chain resilience and submit recommendations to Congress within two years.
Who would be affected
The Industry and Analysis office of the Department of Commerce and its Assistant Secretary bear the primary new obligations. Federal agencies on the Working Group — including the Departments of Defense, Homeland Security, Energy, Health and Human Services, and the Small Business Administration — would need to share information and coordinate. Domestic manufacturers, suppliers of critical goods, institutions of higher education, and state and local governments would be encouraged (but not required) to consult and participate.
Why it matters
If enacted, the U.S. government would, for the first time, have a standing interagency mechanism specifically dedicated to monitoring and responding to supply chain shocks — from pandemics to cyberattacks to geopolitical trade disruptions. Domestic manufacturers in sectors like semiconductors, AI hardware, and advanced materials could benefit from federal strategies aimed at reducing dependence on adversarial nations, though the absence of new funding limits how much the office could act on its own findings.
What would change
Changes to existing law
Amends William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) (Sec. 3(i)(5))
Carves out semiconductor incentive program applications from the voluntary information-sharing protections established by this bill.
Amends American COMPETE Act (Public Law 116-260, title XV of division FF) (Sec. 7)
Incorporates the Act's technology list into the definition of emerging technologies covered by the new supply chain program.
Agencies directed to act
Effective dates
- Deadline to establish the Supply Chain Resilience Working Group and designate critical industries, supply chains, and goods
- Deadline for the Assistant Secretary to complete supply chain assessments and enter agency data-sharing agreements
- Deadline for initial implementation report to Congress
- First national strategy report to Congress, then annually thereafter
- Commerce Department capability assessment report due to Congress
- All requirements, responsibilities, and obligations under the Act terminate
Funding and costs
- No additional funds authorized
All activities under the Act must be carried out within existing appropriations
Congressional Budget Office estimate
CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 2444 would cost approximately $9 million over the 2025–2030 period, assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts, with no significant effect on direct spending or revenues.
H.R. 2444 would direct the Department of Commerce to assess vulnerabilities in supply chains for goods critical to national or economic security and establish an interagency working group to identify federal actions to mitigate disruptions to manufacturing, warehousing, transportation, and distribution networks. CBO estimates the discretionary costs of implementing the bill — primarily for personnel and administrative activities at Commerce — would total roughly $9 million over the 2025–2030 period, subject to future appropriations. The bill would have no effect on direct (mandatory) spending or revenues. CBO identified no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.
How implementation would work
The Assistant Secretary would first designate critical industries, supply chains, and goods within 120 days, with a public comment period, and update those designations every four years. The Working Group would then conduct assessments and mapping exercises within one year. The Assistant Secretary would submit an implementation report after one year and an annual national strategy report beginning 18 months after enactment. The Secretary of Commerce would separately produce a capability assessment of Commerce offices within two years and submit recommendations to Congress. All activities would be funded within existing appropriations, and private-sector participation would remain entirely voluntary.
Legislative status & sources
Latest action
Received in the Senate. Read twice. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 62.
Official CRS summary
Show the CRS summaryHide the CRS summary
This bill requires the Industry and Analysis office of the International Trade Administration of the Department of Commerce to monitor and respond to disruptions in critical industries and supply chains.
Specifically, the office must (1) establish the Supply Chain Resilience Working Group; (2) assess, map, and model critical supply chains; (3) identify high-priority supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities in critical industries; (4) identify and evaluate the effect of potential supply chain disruptions on market stability; and (5) collaborate with other governmental bodies and key international partners to identify opportunities to reduce supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities.
Additionally, the office, in consultation with the working group and specified nongovernmental entities, must make recommendations and implement a strategy to improve the security and resiliency of manufacturing capacity and supply chains for critical industries (including critical industries for emerging technologies).
The bill includes various reporting requirements.
Legislative subjects
Advanced technology and technological innovations; Commerce; Computers and information technology; Economic development; Economic performance and conditions; Intergovernmental relations; Manufacturing; Public-private cooperation; Retail and wholesale trades; Supply chain
Committee report
H. Rept. 119-68